Analysis of the problem
Populations such as those in the coastal and hinterland Amazon caatinga have usually lived in the plant extraction mainly from the extraction of vegetable or essential oils for their extraction require heat today comes from deforestation. Typically lack electricity or when they have to rely on expensive fossil fuel.
Another important point for the technology is transforming emconcentradores industrial roofs with solar rays heat generation at high temperature and electricity simultaneously thereby reducing the emission of CO2 which exacerbates the issue of global warming, reducing dependence on foreign energy.
The solar energy to produce electricity and heat simultaneously is the focus of our development that aims to build a pickup of low-cost solar energy for multiple applications and dual function. Known are two major technologies for capturing solar energy.
One is the PV, which slabs of silicon or other material absorbs energy from light so turning directly into electrical energy without absorbing a portion of the light which turns into heat.
Another is that transforms heat as much as possible light energy into heat energy in a black body, thereby heating a fluid such as water, oil, air or salts and thus this energy could be used in a turbine for electricity generation or heating systems industrial, residential as the shower, etc.
In the photovoltaic solar rays fall directly on the silicon plates which absorb light generated within the cell a potential difference produces a continuous electrical current. One of the problems of this system is currently the cost of the plates that have made impossible their use on a large scale, generating electricity in much higher than the conventional with the loss of radiative energy transformed into heat cost.
In heating water or other fluid captured directly from the sun turning sunlight into heating system, already widely used, low-cost, one can notice a lot in homes for heating water for shower and others.
Although simple, the municipality of São Paulo system began requiring a municipal law that new homes have solar heating system, which has a capacity to heat water up to 55 ° C.
Industrial and agro-industrial processes typically require temperatures between 80 and 120 ° C, outside, so this technology. In this system the diffuse light and incident radiation is absorbed, but with varying angles depending on the sun position, showing also low efficiency, since capture is also dependent on the angle of incidence of sunlight varies in the daytime.
Are not widespread solar heating systems with concentrators of solar rays to midsize facilities, except for small systems called solar cooker, but this is not meant to be energy efficient, but only to fulfill the function of baking food or water heating.
Nowadays you can make sunlight concentrators with automatic positioning always getting the sun's rays into proper position with maximum efficiency, with a low cost and with very simple mechanisms with low power consumption proportional to the energy captured.
Capture solar energy systems for concentration of large rays are few in operation worldwide and are generating power at a cost that is only now with the high cost of oil starts to become viable.
Within the field of solar concentrators few rays evolutionary ideas are observed to decrease the cost of generation of electricity or heat from solar energy, except those listed in manufacturers of photovoltaic cells to improve efficiency and cost reduction manufacturing the same.
In the heating of water by absorbing plates without concentrating systems, is obtained, for example, the maximum hot water temperature between 55 to 65 ° C, thus becomes a limited either technique when temperatures ranging from 80 to 120 ° C for the process.
Now dominate electric heaters with firewood consumption, oil or gas, all with impact acclimatise in CO2 emissions to the atmosphere, when you want higher temperatures and in this case the sunlight concentrators meet this need without any power consumption.
Systems that produce water or other fluid at temperatures close to or higher than 100 ° C reduces the investment hot water reservoirs, as higher energy as heat is concentrated into smaller volumes of fluid mass. The hot water or other fluid can be stored for up to 48 hours without having large investments when stocks higher temperatures.
Moreover photovoltaics good quality support higher concentrations of light intensity, which was observed in our studies, thus generating greater amounts of electricity, but there is a limit of maximum temperature for this generation efficiency and how much focus the sun's rays on This heats the cell at temperatures 200 ° C acimade thus losing its ability to generate current.
The removal of heat to photovoltaic cells when working at temperatures above 90 ° C is essential to maintain the efficiency of the power generation process.
Technical proposal
We propose here the development of electricity generation by photovoltaic cells in concentrator solar rays, with simultaneous use of the heat diffusion process on the cells where the cooling fluid of the same, keeping the optimum working temperature and generating hot fluid useful in some industrial process heating, agribusiness, remote locations, clubs, farms, nurseries etc.
Proposition product and process
The proposed research project seeks technology, patents, designs for data installations of plants generating electricity and heat for industrial processes, agro-industries, clubs, hotels, and especially to meet the problem of energy and warmth to the riverside from Amazon and the backcountry of the savanna, without consuming fuel or cause emission of CO2.
With this plant for electricity generation, heat generation united for multiple applications such as industries, hotels, agribusinesses without fuel like coal, oil, gas etc. could be designed
Among the products that the company could commercialize this research would be the sale of technology, sale of plant design, plant construction for the sale of energy and heat to industries with sales of carbon credits, production of small generating plant to small industries, agribusiness, hotels, clubs, spas, farms etc, especially in remote locations.
Technical Advantages
In the normal process of collecting solar energy in photovoltaic cells, part of the energy turns into heat and is not converted into electricity and is lost and the cost of the plates
PV are high as they are imported and the same support higher concentrations of light energy using solar concentrators that glass or other material costs would fall much plates.
Adding a solar boiler behind the cell waste heat in the cells would be availed with dual function of cooling the cells in maintaining optimum condition of use and heat up some fluid that would be used in processes such as heat.
Usually in industries there is a need of electricity and heat and heat is an important item in terms of cost to production processes, so this process would fit like a glove on the needs.
Environmental advantages
Currently consumes some heat to processoscomo LPG, oil, natural gas and others that with the replacement of heating the solar base implies the non-CO2 emissions and enabling the sale of carbon credits.
Generation and transmission of electricity involves environmental damage, with derepresas construction and use of areas for passing linhões and energy consumption and waste in the production of aluminum, in contrast to the generation at point of use energy primarily to regions of the northeastern hinterland where there is an abundance of sunshine.
Dual of electricity and heat in a single process where the catchment area of electricity with less than conventional photovoltaics cost considering the total catchment area of the equipment generating process.
The diffuse heat from the photovoltaic cells in concentrator ray procedure being used for heating processes.
Commercial advantages
The process generates water, hot air or oil with much higher temperatures than conventional plates to capture heat for heating residential showers, meeting the needs of other industrial applications or other applications.
Energy associated with heating available in remote less proportionate cost catchment area sites. No consumption of fossil fuels release CO2 into the atmosphere.Equipment installation and easy operation. Ability to store thermal energy and electrical energy in batteries and heated fluid tanks for later use. Less than other methods of capturing solar energy cost comparison.
Social Aspects
In the proposed process where the backbone of the pickups can be fabricated by a simple metal structure results in a new fitness industries small metal frame and providers of manpower regional assembly in a new supply chain services.
Relevance of the Project
The Brazil ceased to participate in the development of many high-tech supply chains for not fostering research in some areas and the production process of solar energy by photovoltaic cells is one of them. Currently this technology is in countries like USA, Germany, Japan and all solar pickups are imported.
A national technology with a patent (IP 018.080.038.481) INPI required can decrease this delay in giving alternative solar energy chain tailored to the interior problem and the environmentally sound technical solutions.
With the rising price of fossil fuels the feasibility of new techniques is blunts, added care with no emission of gases that affect global warming. The technique described here is the truly revolutionary aspect of the union's use of electrical energy and heat while increasing process efficiency and compatible costs.
Project Goals
- Get local technology to capture solar energy front making imported alternatives, that is adapted to regional needs.
- Transform the technology required to commercially accepted process adapted to the market.
- Survey of field data that enables future installation of medium and large.
- Development solar technology proposed in the pickup showing technique, cost viability.
- Development of the technique with additional patents record ensuring the entire chain within the technique.
- Technical training involving this technology for the plant sale.
- Contribute to framing companies in the eco-friendly system, with reduction of CO2 emissions, selling facilities and technology.
- Ensure all records with the developed process.
- Get product design to fit their production and sale.
Feasibility
Large companies have a strong focus on sustainability, social responsibility and environmental, with reduced power consumption programs with substitution processes of energy generation to renewable energy. The Northeast and Amazon have a multitude of communities without access to electricity generation projects where community heat and power are key to improving living standards.
A process that meets both requests with the ability to generate electricity and heat simultaneously for productive processes from a candy factory or heating inside the home of a petrochemical plant reducing manufacturing costs, is certainly desirable and attractive to the market mainly considering an environmentally friendly energy.
The costs of photovoltaic cells on an industrial roof generates little energy proportional needs of industry and investment costs and even then only the radiant energy is transformed into electricity, wasting heat energy that could be used.
The concentration of solar rays for a dual capture enables compliance costs, reducing the cost of photovoltaic cells. Thus the potential of the proposed process is very large considering all this market.
Market for the project
Many companies have to reduce power consumption and replacement processes of energy generation to renewable energy programs, as well as assistance to populations with insertion programs to supply chains and in this respect the proposed technology fits well in these cases.
As already mentioned, the Northeast and Amazon have a multitude of communities without access to electricity where community projects to generate power and heat are essential for the improvement of living standards.
Can also be used in industrial roofs with this system to capture heat generation industry for reducing the energy consumption a reduction in costs. There is a clear opportunity for entrepreneurs and investors in the acquisition of products, technology and equipment.
Nenhum comentário:
Postar um comentário
Observação: somente um membro deste blog pode postar um comentário.